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Learning Definition & Meaning Among human learners complex, precise skills (e.g., tying shoelaces) are routine. This indicates learning to obtain reward or to avoid punishment. Laboratory examples of such conditioning among small mammals or birds are common. Rats or pigeons may be taught to press levers for food; they also learn to avoid or terminate electric shock. Stimulus, such as a bell, is presented just before delivery of some effective stimulus . A response such as salivation, originally evoked only by the effective stimulus, eventually appears when the initially neutral stimulus is presented. LinkedIn Learning Eventually, the reinforcement leads to an increase in the desired behaviors and a decrease in the unwanted behaviors. To explain how and when learning occurs, psychologists have proposed a number of different theories. Verywell Mind articles are reviewed by board-certified physicians and mental healthcare professionals. Medical Reviewers confirm the content is tho